手機訊號是否是蜜蜂消失的原因之ㄧ?

Are cell phones a cause of disappearance of bees?

手機訊號是否是蜜蜂消失的原因之ㄧ?

•  Swiss experiments suggest a connection

  瑞士研究員認為兩者有相關性。

•  ‘Active mobile phone handsets have a dramatic impact on the behavior of the bees’

  現行的行動電話機組，對蜜蜂的行為造成劇烈的影響。

Experiments by a Swiss scientist suggest there could be a connect ion between cell phone radiation and colony collapse disorder, the name given to the sudden and inexplicable disappearance of honeybees.

由瑞士科學家所做的實驗，指出手機電磁波與蜂群衰竭失調，有極大的關連性。「蜂群衰竭失調」一詞由來，源自蜜蜂群體突如其來，且難以理解的消失跡象。

But the scientist, Daniel Favre, scientific collaborator in the Laboratory of Cellular Biotechnology at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne , Switzerland , is quick to note that additional research is needed.

科學家Daniel Favre，身為分子生物學的協同研究員，服務於瑞士境內洛桑市的聯邦研究機構。Daniel Favre 早先已指出需要更多的研究來探討此現象。

In his experiments, mobile phone handsets were placed close to honeybees in their hives and the sounds made by the bees recorded and analyzed.

Daniel Favre於實驗中，將行動電話放置在蜂巢近處，進行紀錄及分析蜂群所發出的音波。

“The audiograms and spectrograms revealed that active mobile phone handsets have a dramatic impact on the behavior of the bees, namely by inducing the worker piping signal. In natural conditions, worker piping either announces the swarming process of the bee colony or is a signal of a disturbed bee colony,” Mr. Favre’s report says.

Mr. Favre的報告提到：「音波圖與光譜圖已顯示現行的行動電話機組，對蜜蜂的行為造成劇烈的影響，確切來說，造成了工蜂發出的信號失訊。一般而言，工蜂所發出的訊號，用來警示蜂巢須分封，或提醒蜂巢出現狀況。」

Shortly after the phones were turned off, the bee sounds returned to normal, he says.

Mr. Favre notes that honeybees possess magnetite crystals in their fat body cells and they can be affected by electromagnetic fields. “Honeybees can be trained to respond to very small changes in the constant local geomagnetic field intensity,” he notes.

Daniel Favre提到，當把手機關機後不久，蜜蜂發出的聲音轉為正常。Mr. Favre指出蜜蜂體內細胞中，發現有磁感結晶的存在，並會在電磁波範圍內，受到影響。(附註：磁感結晶是由結晶的形狀知道它們是由活機體所合成的磁晶，並非經由地質學上的過程所形成的，每一個晶體看似固定，其實可隨外加磁場而略為自由轉動。經過仔細計算後發現，這些磁晶鍊對地磁場方向的感測，可達到數弧秒的方向精度)

“The results of the present pilot study clearly show that the presence of actively communicating mobile phone handsets in the close vicinity of honeybees had a dramatic effect, namely the induction of worker piping which was regularly observed about 25 to 40 minutes after the onset of the mobile phone communication,” he writes.

Daniel Favre在他的研究報告指寫道：「目前現有的領航性學術論文，結果已明確表示若將行動電話放置於蜂群鄰近處，的確有明顯的影響。在手機開機後的25~40分鐘之後，工蜂發出的信號漸弱的現象，確實存在。」

Other theories about what might cause colony collapse disorder include the invasive varroa mite, the poisoning of the bees by pesticides, stress-caused suppression of the bees’ immune systems, drought, low food values, migratory stress because colonies are moved hundreds of miles by beekeepers to keep pace with the annual south-to-north blooms, and more.

其他另有許多探討造成蜂群衰竭失調現象的理論被提出，例如蜂蝨、農藥毒害、蜜蜂的免疫系統受到壓力抑制、乾旱、營養不足，以及因蜂農為配合每年花季，南北遷移數百哩所造成的適應問題，以及其他更多的可能因素等…

·    記者：LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND，瑞士洛桑市報導

·    日期：May 16, 2011

·    出處：CVBT ( Central Valley Business Times )

·    參考網址： http://www.centralvalleybusinesstimes.com/stories/001/?ID=18430

·    翻譯：蜜蜂故事館